Kairouan as a Civilizational Center: A Study in Urban Development Between the 2nd and 4th Centuries AH / 8th and 10th Centuries CE

Abstract

Abstract:
This study aims to examine the urban development of Kairouan during the 2nd to 4th centuries AH / 8th to 10th centuries CE, considering its crucial role as a major cultural and civilizational center in North Africa. The research investigates the political, economic, social, and religious factors that significantly shaped the city’s urban fabric. Key factors included the political stability during the Aghlabid era, the flourishing of domestic and international trade, and the intense scientific and religious activities within the city. The study specifically analyzes Kairouan’s architectural structure, covering the expansion of its walls and gates, the construction of new neighborhoods, the development of major mosques, palaces, and public facilities, and the organization of its comprehensive street networks. The findings indicate that Kairouan was not merely a conventional Islamic city but rather an integrated civilizational model that successfully combined religious, educational, economic, and social functions. Furthermore, this unique urban model significantly influenced the design and planning of neighboring cities across North Africa. The research recommends preserving Kairouan’s architectural heritage and utilizing its historical urban experiences in contemporary city planning.