The Impact of National Identity on Building the Modern State: Libya Post-2011 as a Case Study

Abstract

This study addresses a topic of paramount importance, as it represents one of the fundamental pillars in building the modern Libyan state, namely the impact of national identity on modern state-building in Libya. The study originated from a primary research question: "To what extent (and how) has national identity influenced the building of the Libyan state following the events of 2011, and what are the means to strengthen national identity in a way that contributes to modern state-building?"

The study employed the descriptive-analytical approach as its primary research methodology to answer the main research question and its sub-questions. It aimed to highlight a future vision for constructing a Libyan identity and to counter regionalism, tribalism, provincialism, and various ideologies, as these are factors that undermine Libyan identity. The study was divided into several key themes, most notably the impact of the identity crisis on the process of building the modern Libyan state post-2011.

The study reached several significant results, including: the necessity of engaging in a comprehensive national dialogue among all parties and components in Libya to reach a consensus on a unified concept of national identity, which would serve as a foundation for establishing a constitution to facilitate the democratic transition and resolve the current political complexities. Furthermore, a key finding emphasizes that the tribe should be a fundamental supporter of modern state-building rather than a tool for justifying violence, exclusion, or securing privileges for its members. It is essential to apply the law to all segments of society without exception or discrimination based on tribe or sect, ensuring that everyone feels protected under the umbrella of the law rather than the tribe, which will strengthen national identity. Additionally, the failure to consolidate Libyan identity within educational curricula has contributed to its erosion and the emergence of sub-identities, leading to further fragmentation and civil conflict.